LEXICAL COMPOSITION OF THE MODERN UZBEKISTAN LANGUAGE: FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE OWN LAYER AND THE ASSIMILATED LAYER
Keywords:
corpus linguistics, lexical stratification, assimilation units, own stratum, semantic prosody, methodological analysisAbstract
The current problem of the study is to clearly distinguish the functional distribution of native and borrowed units in written texts of 2015–2024, since in existing descriptions their boundaries often remain at the level of general annotation. The goal is to show on the basis of the corpus how these two layers form a functional relationship in the lexical structure of the modern Uzbek language. Corpus research, concordance analysis, collocational observation and comparative-stylistic interpretation were used as methods; written samples from various genres were used as material. The analysis showed that native units serve as a stable support in the neutral informational part of the text, while borrowed units enhance terminological clarity, formality and stylistic density. In the lines of concordance, softening, specialization and the addition of an evaluative tone were observed around some borrowed units; this indicates that they are not only a naming, but also a pragmatic management tool. As a result of comparative stratification, it was found that the functional interchange of the two layers within the texts prevails, rather than the absolute opposition. As a scientific contribution, a descriptive model is proposed for the lexicographical determination of the relationship between layers; it allows combining text analysis, explanatory dictionary construction, and methodological description.
References
1. Yuldoshev M. The relationship of lexical layers in the modern Uzbek language // Philological issues. — 2022. — No. 2. — P. 34-41.
2. Boqiyeva G. Loanwords in the Uzbek language and their stylistic features // Uzbek language and literature. — 2021. — No. 4. — P. 12-18.
3. Qosimov B. Functional distribution of the native and assimilated layers in the Uzbek literary language // Uzbek language and literature. — 2023. — No. 1. — P. 7-15.
4. Petrov V. Vzaimodeystvie iskonnoy i zaimstvovannoy lexiki v sovremennom uzbekskom zazyke // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Series 9: Philology. — 2020. — No. 6. — S. 44-53.
5. Ivanova E. Yu. Lexical loanwords in contemporary Uzbek language: functional aspect // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Language and literature. — 2021. — T.18. — No. 2. — S. 210-221.
6. Smirnov D.S. Funktsionalnaya nagruzka zaimstvovannoy lexiki v sovremennom uzbekskom zyzyke // Vestnik Kazanskogo federalnogo universiteta. Series: Humanities. — 2023. — T.65. — No. 3. — S. 145-154.
7. Popova I.V. Lexical adaptation of loanwords in the Uzbek language // Jurnal of the Siberian Federal University. Humanities. — 2021. — T.14. — No. 5. — S. 812-821.
8. Brown C. Lexical borrowing and functional differentiation in Uzbek // Journal of Language Contact. — 2021. — Vol. 14. — No. 2. — P. 201-219. DOI: 10.1163/18774093-bja10023
9. Ivanov S.P. Zaimstvovannaya lexika i zyzykovaya norm v sovremennom uzbekskom yazyke // Izvestiya Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. — 2024. — No. 2. — S. 58-66.
10. Thomason SG Contact-induced language change and lexical integration in Uzbek // Language and Linguistics Compass. — 2022. — Vol. 16. — No. 7. — P. 1-14. DOI: 10.1111/lnc3.12456
11. Dadaboyev H. Historical lexical layers of the Uzbek language // Language and literature education. — 2018. — No. 5. — P. 3-10.
12. Mengliyev B. Lexicology of the Uzbek language. — Tashkent: Science and Technology, 2019. — 248 p.
13. Shcherbak AM On the Turkic and non-Turkic layers in the Uzbek language // Uzbek language and literature. — 2017. — No. 2. — P. 5-13.
14. Sattorova Z. The priority of its own stratum units in the active vocabulary of the Uzbek language // Uzbek language and literature. — 2022. — No. 6. — P. 11-17.
15. Mukhmedova S. Russian borrowings in the Uzbek language: semantic adaptation and scope of application // Uzbekistan: language and culture. — 2021. — No. 3. — P. 22-29.
16. Karimova N. New era acquisitions in the Uzbek language: Internet and media lexicon // Uzbekistan: language and culture. — 2024. — No. 1. — P. 16-24.
17. Rustamova D. Terminological appropriations in the Uzbek language and their standardization // Philological issues. — 2021. — No. 3. — P. 28-35.
18. Islamov A. Lexical differentiation and interlayer exchange in the Uzbek language // Language and literature education. — 2023. — No. 2. — P. 14-21.
19. Explanatory dictionary of the Uzbek language. — Tashkent: National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan, 2006. — 5 vols.
20. Spelling dictionary of the Uzbek language. — Tashkent: National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan, 2013. — 384 p.
