SURUNKALI IMOBILIZATSION STRESS SHAROITIDA GOMEOSTAZNING NEYRO-GUMORAL REGULYATSIYASI VA SUV-ELEKTROLIT MUVOZANATINING BUZILISH MEXANIZMLARI
Keywords:
surunkali imobilizatsion stress, neyro-gumoral regulyatsiya, gipotalamo-gipofiz-adrenal o‘q, suv-elektrolit muvozanati, renin-angiotenzin-aldosteron sistemasi, oksidativ stress, kortizol, vazopressin, metabolik disbalans, adaptatsiya.Abstract
Surunkali imobilizatsion stress organizmning turli tizimlarida murakkab patofiziologik o‘zgarishlarni keltirib chiqaradigan eksperimental model sifatida tibbiyotda keng qo‘llaniladi. Ushbu maqolada so‘nggi o‘n yillikda (2015-2025) o‘tkazilgan ilmiy tadqiqotlar asosida surunkali harakatsizlik stressi sharoitida markaziy va periferik nerv sistemasi, gipotalamo-gipofiz-adrenal o‘qi, renin-angiotenzin-aldosteron sistemasi (RAAS) va vazopressin (antidiuretik gormon) faolligining o‘zgarishlari natijasida gomeostazning neyro-gumoral regulyatsiyasining buzilish mexanizmlari chuqur tahsil qilinadi. Stress javobida kortikotropin-riliz gormon (CRH), adrenokortikotrop gormon (ACTH) va kortizol miqdorining oshishi, shuningdek, simpatik-adrenal sistema (SAS) faolligining kuchayishi organizmning adaptiv imkoniyatlarini cheklab, metabolik disbalansga olib kelishi ko‘rsatilgan. Suv-elektrolit muvozanatining buzilishida aldosteron va vazopressin sekretsiyasining disfunktsiyasi, shuningdek, buyrak kanalchalari va ion transport o‘tkazuvchanligidagi o‘zgarishlar asosiy rol o‘ynaydi [1, 2]. Tadqiqotlar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, imobilizatsiya natijasida yuzaga keladigan mikrosirkulyatsiya buzilishi, ishemiya va to‘qimalarning hipoksiyasi oksidativ stressning rivojlanishiga sabab bo‘lib, bu esa neyroendokrin regulyatsiyani yanada murakkablashtiradi va elektrolitlar (natriy, kaliy, magniy, xlor) almashinuvining buzilishini kuchaytiradi [3, 4]. Ushbu jarayonlarni tushunish yangi farmakologik va nafarmakologik terapevtik strategiyalarni, jumladan, oksidativ stressga qarshi moddalar va neyroendokrin tizimga ta’sir ko‘rsatuvchi preparatlarni ishlab chiqish uchun nazariy asos bo‘lib xizmat qiladi [5].
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