IDENTIFICATION OF THE CAUSES OF MENINGOCOCCAL INFECTION IN CHILDREN AND IMPROVEMENT OF PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Keywords:
meningococcal infection, children, prevention, care, meningitis, sepsis, immunization, bacterial infection, vaccination, epidemiological controlAbstract
Meningococcal infection is one of the most severe, rapidly progressing, and life-threatening diseases in children. This study focuses on the clinical manifestations of meningococcal infection, its early diagnosis, modern treatment methods, and preventive measures. In addition, the main principles of care for children affected by meningococcal infection, immunization approaches, and epidemiological control methods are discussed. Early diagnosis and effective prevention significantly reduce mortality and complication rates among children.
References
1. Acquisition of virulence genes by a carrier strain gave rise to the ongoing epidemics of meningococcal disease in West Africa / O.B. Brynildsrud, V. Eldholm, J. Bohlin [et al.] // Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 2018. - Vol. 115, № 21. - P. 5510-5515.
2. An invasive isolate of Neisseria meningitidis showing decreased susceptibility to quinolones / T.R. Shultz, J.W. Tapsall, P.A. White [et al.] // Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. - 2000. - Vol. 44, № 4. - P. 1116.
3. An overview of meningococcal disease in India: Knowledge gaps and potential solutions / T.J. John, S. Gupta, A.J. Chitkara [et al.] // Vaccine. - 2013. - Vol. 31, № 25. - P. 2731-2737.
4. Arreaza, L. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Neisseria meningitidis isolates from patients and asymptomatic carriers / L. Arreaza, L. De La Fuente, J. Vázquez // Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. - 2000. - Vol. 44, № 6. - P. 1705-1707.
5. Atkinson, B. History of Meningococcal Outbreaks in the United States: Implications for Vaccination and Disease Prevention / B. Atkinson, A. Gandhi, P. Balmer // Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. - 2016. - Vol. 36, № 8. - P. 880-892.
6. Atypical presentation of invasive meningococcal disease caused by serogroup W meningococci / C. Stinson, C. Burman, J. Presa [et al.] // Epidemiology and Infection. - 2020. - Vol. 148. - P. e12.
7. Australian Meningococcal Surveillance Programme Annual report of the Australian Meningococcal Surveillance Programme, 2009 // Communicable diseases intelligence. - 2010. - Vol. 34, № 3. - P. 291-302.
8. Bakir, M. Meningococcal serogroup B disease in Turkey: A guess or reality? / M. Bakir // Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics. - 2014. - Vol. 10, № 6. - P. 1721-1724.
9. Barnett, E.D. Role of Immigrants and Migrants in Emerging Infectious Diseases / E.D. Barnett, P.F. Walker // Medical Clinics of North America. - 2008. - Vol. 92, № 6. - P. 1447-1458.
10. Case fatality rates of invasive meningococcal disease by serogroup and age: A systematic review and meta-analysis / B. Wang, R. Santoreneos, L. Giles [et al.] Vaccine. - 2019. - Vol. 37, № 21. - P. 2768-2782.





