LEYKOTSIT ADGEZIYASI VA DIAPEDEZI BUZILISHLARI KAPILLYAR-PERIVASKULYAR TUZILMALAR FUNKSIYASIGA TA'SIRI VA KLINIK AHAMIYATI
Keywords:
Leykotsit adgeziya defekti (LAD), integrinlar, selektinlar, diapedez, yallig'lanish, immunitet, endotelial funktsiya, kam uchraydigan immun yetishmovchiligi, perivaskulyar to'qima, klinik fenotip.Abstract
Leykotsit adgeziya va diapedez (LAD) sindromlari va funksional buzilishlar kam uchraydigan immun yetishmovchiligi holatlari bo'lib, ular leykotsitlarning endotelga yopishishi va qon tomirlaridan chiqish jarayonlarini tartibga soluvchi molekulyar mexanizmlarning buzilishi natijasida kelib chiqadi. Bu buzilishlar asosan integrinlar va selektinlar oilasiga mansub adgeziya molekulalarining yoki ularning ligandlarining defektlari bilan bog'liq. Ushbu sharhli maqola LAD va unga o'xshash holatlarning patofiziologik mexanizmlarini, xususan kapillyar-perivaskulyar birlikning normal funksiyasiga ta'sirini chuqur o'rganishga qaratilgan. So'nggi o'n yillikda (2015-2025) olib borilgan ilmiy tadqiqotlar shuni ko'rsatdiki, leykotsit endotelial o'zaro ta'sirining buzilishi nafaqat o'tkir va surunkali yallig'lanish jarayonlarini, balki to'qimalarning qayta tiklanishi, angiogenez, immun monitoring va yaralarning bitishini ham jiddiy ta'sir qiladi. LAD bilan og'rigan bemorlarda takrorlanuvchi bakteriyal infektsiyalar, periodontal kasalliklar va gipopiyon bilan kechadigan yara bitishining kechikishi kabi og'ir klinik ko'rinishlar kuzatiladi. Maqolada adgeziya molekulalarining funktsiyalari va ularning buzilishining molekulyar asoslari, hayvon modellarida olib borilgan eksperimental tadqiqotlar, yutuqlar va klinik amaliyotga oid ko'rib chiqilgan holatlar tahlil qilinadi. Bundan tashqari, ushbu sohadagi zamonaviy diagnostika usullari (oq qon hujayralarining adgeziya qobiliyatini tekshirish, oqsil ekspressiyasining o'lchovi, genetik tahlillar) va potentsial terapevtik yondashuvalar (gen terapiyasi, ferment almashtirish terapiyasi, yangi dorilarning rivojlanishi) haqida ma'lumotlar keltirilgan. Ushbu tadqiqotning asosiy maqsadi leykotsit adgeziyasi va migratsiyasidagi patologiyalarning to'qimalarning normal fiziologiyasi va turli kasalliklarning patogenezidagi ahamiyatini tushunishni yanada chuqurlashtirish hamda yangi davolash strategiyalarini ishlab chiqish uchun ilmiy asos yaratishdir.
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